Financial Help for Diabetes Care
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Diabetes treatment is expensive. According to the American Diabetes
Association, people who have this disease spend an average of
$13,243 a year on health care expenses.
Many people who have diabetes need help paying some of the bills.
It's a good idea to start by looking for an insurance plan that
covers as many diabetes-related expenses as possible. A variety
of governmental and nongovernmental programs exist to help, depending
on whether you qualify.
Medicare
Medicare is a Government program providing health care services
for people who are 65 years and older. People who are disabled
or have become disabled also can apply for Medicare, and limited
coverage is available for people of all ages with kidney failure.
To learn if you're eligible, check with your local Social Security
office or call the Medicare Hotline listed below. Medicare now
includes coverage for glucose monitors, test strips, and lancets
as well as medical nutrition therapy services for people with
diabetes or kidney disease when referred by a doctor. Diabetes
self-management training, therapeutic shoes, glaucoma screening,
and flu and pneumonia shots are also covered.
For more information about Medicare benefits, call the National
Diabetes Education Program at 1-800-438-5383 and request copies
of The Power to Control Diabetes Is in Your Hands and Expanded
Medicare Coverage of Diabetes Services, or read them online
at www.ndep.nih.gov
(click on "Control" under "About Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes").
You can also read the booklet Medicare
Coverage of Diabetes Supplies & Services (PDF *)
online or request a copy from:
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
7500 Security Boulevard
Baltimore, MD 21244-1850
Phone: 1-800-MEDICARE (633-4227)
Internet: www.medicare.gov
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Medicaid
Medicaid is a state health assistance program for people based
on financial need. Your income must be below a certain level to
qualify for Medicaid funds. To apply, talk with a social worker
or contact your local department of human services. Check the
government pages of your phone book.
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State Children's Health Insurance Program
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has established
the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) to help
children without health insurance. SCHIP provides health coverage
for children whose families earn too much to qualify for Medicaid
but too little to afford private health insurance. Consumers can
obtain information about the program by calling toll-free 1-877-KIDS-NOW
(543-7669), or by checking www.insurekidsnow.gov.
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Health Insurance
Because health insurance is meant to cover unexpected future
illnesses, diabetes that has already been diagnosed presents a
problem. It is considered a preexisting condition so finding coverage
may be difficult. Many insurance companies have a specific waiting
period during which they do not cover diabetes-related expenses
for new enrollees, although they will cover other medical expenses
that arise during this time.
Recent state and Federal laws, however, may help. Many states
now require insurance companies to cover diabetes supplies and
education. The Health Insurance Portability Act, passed by Congress
in 1996, limits insurance companies from denying coverage because
of a preexisting condition. To find out more about these laws,
contact your state insurance regulatory office. This office can
also help you find an insurance company that offers individual
coverage.
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Managed Care
Most HMOs keep costs down by limiting the choice of doctors to
those who belong to the network, restricting access to specialists,
reducing hospital stays, and emphasizing preventive care. In most
managed care plans, especially Medicare HMOs, you select a primary
care physician who will be responsible for directing your care
and referring you to specialists when he or she feels it's necessary.
Some plans also cover extra benefits like prescription drugs.
For more information on managed care organizations, particularly
the quality of care offered to patients, you may want to contact
the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) at 1-888-275-7585
or see www.ncqa.org
on the Internet.
Medicare also has many publications to help you learn more about
managed care. Go to www.medicare.gov
on the Internet or call 1-800-MEDICARE (633-4227) for more information.
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Health Insurance After Leaving a Job
If you lose your health coverage when you leave your job, you
may be able to buy group coverage for up to 18 months under a
Federal law called the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation
Act or COBRA. Buying group coverage is cheaper than going out
alone to buy individual coverage. If you have a disability, you
can extend COBRA coverage for up to 29 months. COBRA may also
cover young people who were insured under a parent's policy but
have reached the age limit and are trying to obtain their own
insurance.
For more information, call the Department of Labor at 1-866-487-2365
or see www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/cobra.htm
on the Internet.
If you don't qualify for coverage or if your COBRA coverage has
expired, you can still seek other options:
- Some states require employers to offer conversion policies,
in which you stay with your insurance company but buy individual
coverage.
- Some professional or alumni organizations offer group coverage
for members.
- Your state may be one of 29 with a high-risk pool for people
unable to get coverage.
- Some insurance companies also offer stopgap policies designed
for people who are between jobs.
Contact your state insurance regulatory office for more information
on these and other options. Information on consumer health plans
is also available at the U.S. Department of Labor's website at
www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/consumerinfhealth.htm.
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Health Care Services
The Bureau of Primary Health Care, a service of the Health Resources
and Services Administration, offers health care for people regardless
of their insurance status or ability to pay. To find local health
centers, call 1-800-400-2742 and ask for a directory, or visit
the bureau's website at www.bphc.hrsa.gov
on the Internet.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) runs hospitals and clinics
that serve veterans who have service-related health problems or
who simply need financial aid. If you're a veteran and would like
to find out more about VA health care, call 1-800-827-1000 or
visit their website at www.va.gov.
Many local governments have public health departments that can
help people who need medical care. Your local county or city government's
health and human services office can provide further information.
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Hospital Care
If you're uninsured and need hospital care, you may be able to
get help. In 1946, Congress passed the Hospital Survey and Construction
Act, which was sponsored by Senators Lister Hill and Harold Burton
and is now known as the Hill-Burton Act. Although the program
originally provided hospitals with Federal grants for modernization,
today it provides free or reduced-charge medical services to low-income
people. The program is administered by the Department of Health
and Human Services. For more information, call 1-800-638-0742
or visit www.hrsa.gov/osp/dfcr
on the Internet.
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Dialysis and Transplantation
Kidney failure is a complication of diabetes. In 1972, Congress
passed legislation making people of any age with permanent kidney
failure eligible for Medicare. To qualify for Medicare on the
basis of kidney failure, you must need regular dialysis or have
had a kidney transplant, and you must have worked under Social
Security, the Railroad Retirement Board, or as a Government employee
(or be the child or spouse of someone who has), or you must already
be receiving Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits.
Every American needing dialysis for chronic kidney failure is
eligible for dialysis assistance. For more information, call the
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services at 1-800-MEDICARE
(633-4227) to request the booklet Medicare Coverage of Kidney
Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Services. This booklet is also
available on the Internet at www.medicare.gov
under "Publications."
For information on financing an organ transplant, contact the
following organization:
United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)
P.O. Box 2484
Richmond, VA 23218
Phone: 1-888-894-6361
Internet: www.unos.org
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Prescription Drugs and Medical Supplies
If you can't pay for your medicines and supplies without help,
you should tell your health care provider. Your doctor may be
able to direct you to local programs or even provide free samples.
You or your doctor can order a free filament to check feet for
nerve damage. The filament (with instructions for use) is available
by calling the Bureau of Primary Health Care's (BPHC's) Lower
Extremity Amputation Prevention Program (LEAP) at 1-888-ASK-HRSA
(275-4772) or by accessing www.bphc.hrsa.gov/leap
on the Internet.
The Medicare program offers a searchable database of prescription
drug assistance programs at www.medicare.gov/Prescription/Home.asp.
This website gives information on public and private programs
offering discounted or free medication. You can also learn about
Medicare health plans with prescription coverage.
In addition, drug companies that sell insulin or diabetes medications
usually have patient assistance programs. Such programs are available
only through a physician. The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers
of America and its member companies sponsor an interactive website
with information on drug assistance programs at www.helpingpatients.org.
Also, since programs targeted at the homeless sometimes provide
aid, try contacting a local shelter for more information on how
to obtain free medications and medical supplies. Check your phone
book under Human Service Organizations or Social Service Organizations
for the number of the nearest shelter.
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Prosthetic Care
If you've had an amputation, paying for your rehabilitation expenses
may be a concern. The following organizations provide financial
assistance for people who need prosthetic care:
Amputee Coalition of America
900 East Hill Avenue, Suite 285
Knoxville, TN 37915-2568
Phone: 1-888-AMP-KNOW (267-5669)
Internet: www.amputee-coalition.org
Easter Seals
230 West Monroe Street, Suite 1800
Chicago, IL 60606
Phone: 1-800-221-6827
Fax: (312) 726-1494
Internet: www.easterseals.com
Prosthetics for Diabetics Foundation
323 Reed Way
Monroe, GA 30655
Phone: (770) 267-0019
Fax: (770) 395-7487
Internet: www.expage.com/page/pfdfoundation
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Classroom Services
Public agencies that provide assistance to children with diabetes
and other disabilities and to their families are listed on the
State Resource Sheets published by the National Dissemination
Center for Children with Disabilities (NICHCY). These free resource
sheets, which list the names and addresses of agencies in your
state, are available by contacting:
NICHCY
P.O. Box 1492
Washington, DC 20013
Phone: 1-800-695-0285
Fax: (202) 884-8441
Internet: www.nichcy.org
College-age students who have diabetes-related disabilities may
be faced not only with the costs of tuition, but also with additional
expenses generally not incurred by other students. These costs
may include special equipment and disability-related medical expenses
not covered by insurance. Some special equipment and support services
may be available at the institution, through community organizations,
through the state vocational rehabilitation agency, or through
specific disability organizations. The names and addresses of
these and other agencies are also listed in the State Resource
Sheets.
You can apply for financial aid at the financial aid office of
the institution you plan to attend. A free copy of the booklet
Funding Your Education is available from the U.S. Department
of Education by writing to
Federal Student Aid Programs
P.O. Box 84
Washington, DC 20044-0084
Phone: 1-800-433-3243
Internet: http://studentaid.ed.gov/students/publications/FYE/index.html
The HEATH Resource Center (National Clearinghouse on Postsecondary
Education for Individuals with Disabilities) offers information
on sources of financial aid and the education of students with
a disability. Contact:
The George Washington University
HEATH Resource Center
2121 K Street NW., Suite 220
Washington, DC 20037
Phone: 1-800-544-3284
Fax: (202) 973-0908
Email: askheath@gwu.edu
Internet: www.heath.gwu.edu
Information on grants that are available to individuals for financing
higher education is available at the following nonprofit organization's
library:
The Foundation Center
79 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10003
Phone: (212) 620-4230
Fax: (212) 691-1828
Internet: www.fdncenter.org
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Technological Assistance
Assistive technology, which can help people with disabilities
function more effectively at home, at work, and in the community,
can include computers, adaptive equipment, wheelchairs, bathroom
modifications, and medical or corrective services. The following
organizations provide information, awareness, and training in
the use of technology to aid people with disabilities:
Alliance for Technology Access (ATA)
1304 Southpoint Boulevard, Suite 240
Petaluma, CA 94954
Phone: (707) 778-3011
Email: ATAinfo@ATAccess.org
Internet: www.ataccess.org
UCP (a.k.a. United Cerebral Palsy)
1660 L Street NW., Suite 700
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: 1-800-872-5827
or (202) 776-0406
Fax: (202) 776-0414
Email: webmaster@ucp.org
Internet: www.ucp.org/ucp_channelsub.cfm/1/14/86
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Food and Nutrition
Food, nutrition education, and access to health care services
are also available through the U.S. Department of Agriculture's
WIC (Women, Infants, and Children) program. Pregnant women who
meet residential, financial need, and nutrition risk criteria
are eligible for assistance. Gestational diabetes is considered
a medically based nutrition risk and would qualify a woman for
assistance through the WIC program if she meets the financial
need requirements and has lived in a particular state the required
amount of time. The WIC website provides a page of contact information
for each state and Indian tribe, or you can contact the national
headquarters at the following address:
WIC at FNS Headquarters:
Supplemental Food Programs Division
Food and Nutrition Service--USDA
3101 Park Center Drive
Alexandria, VA 22302
Phone: (703) 305-2746
Internet: www.fns.usda.gov/wic
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Local Resources
Finally, for help in financing some of the many expenses related
to diabetes, you may also want to seek out available local resources,
such as the following charitable groups:
- Lions Clubs International, which can help with vision care
- Rotary Clubs, which provide humanitarian and educational assistance
- Elks Clubs, which provide charitable activities that benefit
youth and veterans
- Shriners, which offer need-based treatment for children at
Shriners hospitals throughout the country
- Kiwanis Clubs, which conduct fund-raising events and projects
to help the community and especially children
- religious organizations
In many areas, nonprofit or special interest groups such as those
listed above can sometimes provide financial assistance or help
with fund-raising. In addition, some local governments may have
special trusts set up to help people in need. You can find out
more about such groups at your local library or your local city
or county government's health and human services office.
Note: This information was accurate as of
August 2004. Contact each organization directly for the most up-to-date
information.
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1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3560
Email: ndic@info.niddk.nih.gov
The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC) is a service
of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases (NIDDK). The NIDDK is part of the National Institutes
of Health under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Established in 1978, the clearinghouse provides information about
diabetes to people with diabetes and to their families, health
care professionals, and the public. NDIC answers inquiries, develops
and distributes publications, and works closely with professional
and patient organizations and Government agencies to coordinate
resources about diabetes.
Publications produced by the clearinghouse are carefully reviewed
by both NIDDK scientists and outside experts.
This e-text is not copyrighted. The clearinghouse encourages
users of this e-pub to duplicate and distribute as many copies
as desired.
NIH Publication No. 04-4638
August 2004
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